{"id":29948,"date":"2025-07-25T08:56:11","date_gmt":"2025-07-25T07:56:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/el-tribunal-supremo-rechaza-aumentar-la-indemnizacion-por-despido-improcedente\/"},"modified":"2025-07-25T15:30:53","modified_gmt":"2025-07-25T14:30:53","slug":"el-tribunal-supremo-rechaza-aumentar-la-indemnizacion-por-despido-improcedente","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/el-tribunal-supremo-rechaza-aumentar-la-indemnizacion-por-despido-improcedente\/","title":{"rendered":"El Tribunal Suprem rebutja augmentar la indemnitzaci\u00f3 per acomiadament improcedent"},"content":{"rendered":"<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mdii1mwp-ca92f6cfb6c021e4f6f0b32ab5a08136 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>El Tribunal Suprem rebutja augmentar la indemnitzaci\u00f3 per acomiadament improcedent<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-bca31578670ae9d408d6d6d291fc57a6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_button '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-mdix4pnv-951e4b19bb27f444ed70850d7902a616-wrap avia-button-center  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_hr '><a href='https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Nota_Informativa_Despido_Improcedente.pdf'  class='avia-button av-mdix4pnv-951e4b19bb27f444ed70850d7902a616 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-small avia-position-center avia-color-theme-color'  target=\"_blank\"  rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"  aria-label=\"Llegir o descarregar la circular en pdf\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left avia-svg-icon avia-font-svg_entypo-fontello' data-av_svg_icon='attach' data-av_iconset='svg_entypo-fontello'><svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"30\" height=\"32\" viewBox=\"0 0 30 32\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\" aria-labelledby='av-svg-title-1' aria-describedby='av-svg-desc-1' role=\"graphics-symbol\">\n<title id='av-svg-title-1'>Attach<\/title>\n<desc id='av-svg-desc-1'>Attach<\/desc>\n<path d=\"M7.808 31.68q-3.264 0-5.44-2.304-2.304-2.24-2.368-5.312t2.688-6.080l15.872-15.872q2.56-2.56 5.568-1.728 1.408 0.384 2.528 1.504t1.504 2.528q0.832 3.072-1.728 5.632l-15.168 15.168q-1.28 1.28-2.816 1.472-1.536 0.128-2.56-0.896-0.96-0.768-0.864-2.368t1.504-2.944l10.624-10.688q0.768-0.832 1.6 0t0 1.6l-10.624 10.624q-1.408 1.408-0.64 2.24 0.384 0.256 0.768 0.192 0.768-0.128 1.472-0.832l15.168-15.168q1.6-1.6 1.088-3.456-0.512-1.92-2.432-2.432-1.728-0.448-3.456 1.152l-15.808 15.808q-2.112 2.432-2.048 4.576t1.664 3.744q1.6 1.536 3.744 1.6t4.512-1.984l15.872-15.808q0.768-0.768 1.6 0 0.832 0.704 0 1.536l-15.872 15.872q-2.624 2.624-5.952 2.624z\"><\/path>\n<\/svg><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Llegir o descarregar la circular en pdf<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-av_hr-bca31578670ae9d408d6d6d291fc57a6 hr-default  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_button  el_before_av_slideshow '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div  class='avia-slideshow av-mdii2x8i-cf5857fe59dca222f5f20e7cd3df652c avia-slideshow-featured av_slideshow avia-slide-slider  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_textblock  av-slideshow-ui av-control-default av-slideshow-manual av-loop-once av-loop-manual-endless av-default-height-applied avia-slideshow-1' data-slideshow-options=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:false,&quot;loop_autoplay&quot;:&quot;once&quot;,&quot;interval&quot;:5,&quot;loop_manual&quot;:&quot;manual-endless&quot;,&quot;autoplay_stopper&quot;:false,&quot;noNavigation&quot;:false,&quot;bg_slider&quot;:false,&quot;keep_padding&quot;:false,&quot;hoverpause&quot;:false,&quot;show_slide_delay&quot;:0}\"  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><ul class='avia-slideshow-inner ' style='padding-bottom: 28.666666666667%;'><li  class='avia-slideshow-slide av-mdii2x8i-cf5857fe59dca222f5f20e7cd3df652c__0  av-single-slide slide-1 slide-odd'><div data-rel='slideshow-1' class='avia-slide-wrap '  title='Imagen de Pixabay para pexel' ><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"eager\" class=\"wp-image-29942 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-29942\"  src=\"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/coffee-1283672_1920_pixabay-para-pexels_despido_ordenador_oficina_-1500x430.jpg\" width=\"1500\" height=\"430\" title='coffee-1283672_1920_pixabay para pexels_despido_ordenador_oficina_' alt='Ordenador apagado junto a un mouse y una tza de caf\u00e9'  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"   \/><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mdii47wx-4f2f93ba525f818c7fc0ac2bdda82b08 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Els mitjans de comunicaci\u00f3 s&#8217;han fet ress\u00f2 aquest mes de juliol de la sent\u00e8ncia del Tribunal Suprem (TS) n\u00fam. 736\/2025, dictada en Ple per la Sala social, que desestima el recurs de cassaci\u00f3 per a la unificaci\u00f3 de doctrina interposat per un treballador. Aix\u00ed, es confirma la sent\u00e8ncia del Tribunal Superior de Just\u00edcia de Catalunya que va revocar concedir una indemnitzaci\u00f3 addicional per lucre cessant en un cas d&#8217;acomiadament improcedent.<\/p>\n<p><strong>El quid de la q\u00fcesti\u00f3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>En aquesta sent\u00e8ncia, la controv\u00e8rsia girava al voltant de si, a m\u00e9s de la indemnitzaci\u00f3 taxada prevista en l&#8217;article 56 de l&#8217;Estatut dels Treballadors (d&#8217;ara endavant ET) per als sup\u00f2sits d&#8217;acomiadament improcedent, pot concedir-se judicialment una indemnitzaci\u00f3 addicional tenint en compte les circumst\u00e0ncies personals del treballador, d&#8217;acord amb els articles 10 del Conveni 158 de l&#8217;Organitzaci\u00f3 Internacional del Treball (OIT) i 24 de la Carta Social Europea Revisada.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;Alt Tribunal reafirma que <strong>la indemnitzaci\u00f3 fixada per a l&#8217;acomiadament improcedent en l&#8217;article 56.1 del ET \u00e9s adequada i conforme amb els compromisos internacionals<\/strong> assumits per Espanya. A m\u00e9s, mant\u00e9 que <strong>els tractats internacionals citats no tenen car\u00e0cter autoexecutiu,<\/strong> per la qual cosa no poden despla\u00e7ar la norma interna sense desenvolupament legislatiu espec\u00edfic. D&#8217;aquesta manera, es fa una distinci\u00f3 jur\u00eddica important sobre com s&#8217;apliquen els tractats internacionals en l&#8217;ordenament jur\u00eddic espanyol. Finalment, mant\u00e9 que les decisions del Comit\u00e8 Europeu de Drets Socials (CEDS), encara que rellevants, no s\u00f3n vinculants per als tribunals espanyols ni constitueixen doctrina jurisprudencial aplicable.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Normativa internacional de refer\u00e8ncia<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>El tribunal analitza amb detall el Conveni 158 de la OIT i la Carta Social Europea Revisada i conclou que tots dos instruments <strong>utilitzen expressions gen\u00e8riques com\u00a0 \u201cindemnitzaci\u00f3 adequada\u201d o \u201creparaci\u00f3 apropiada\u201d, sense establir criteris concrets ni quantie<\/strong>s. I, l&#8217;article 24 de la Carta Social Europea, segons el seu annex, remitent expressament al legislador nacional per a la fixaci\u00f3 de les indemnitzacions, la qual cosa refor\u00e7a la compet\u00e8ncia de l&#8217;Estat en aquesta mat\u00e8ria.<\/p>\n<p>Encara que <strong>el Comit\u00e8 de ministres del Consell d&#8217;Europa ha em\u00e8s recomanacions instant a Espanya a revisar la seva legislaci\u00f3 per a garantir una compensaci\u00f3 m\u00e9s ajustada al mal rea<\/strong>l patit\u00a0 pel treballador, el Tribunal Suprem considera que <strong>aquestes recomanacions no generen obligacions judicials directes<\/strong>. I que el seu compliment correspon als poders legislatius i executius de l&#8217;Estat, no als \u00f2rgans jurisdiccionals.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vots particulars<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Una altra dada important d&#8217;aquesta sent\u00e8ncia \u00e9s que inclou tres vots particulars que discrepen de la decisi\u00f3 majorit\u00e0ria. Un dels vots q\u00fcestiona l&#8217;admissi\u00f3 del recurs per falta de contradicci\u00f3 substancial entre les sent\u00e8ncies comparades (fonament b\u00e0sic perqu\u00e8 el TS entre a con\u00e8ixer del recurs de cassaci\u00f3); els altres dos defensen la possibilitat de recon\u00e8ixer una indemnitzaci\u00f3 addicional quan la taxada no cobreixi el mal real, especialment en casos d&#8217;especial vulnerabilitat del treballador. Aquests vots particulars reflecteixen un corrent interpretatiu minoritari que podria influir en el futur desenvolupament jurisprudencial o legislatiu.<\/p>\n<p>Amb aquesta sent\u00e8ncia <strong>es consolida la seguretat jur\u00eddica<\/strong> en mat\u00e8ria d&#8217;acomiadaments improcedents, perqu\u00e8 confirma que la indemnitzaci\u00f3 legal \u00e9s l&#8217;\u00fanic par\u00e0metre aplicable, i descarta la possibilitat que els tribunals reconeguin indemnitzacions superiors per via judicial, excepte en sup\u00f2sits de vulneraci\u00f3 de drets fonamentals, que s\u00ed que permeten acumular d&#8217;indemnitzacions per danys i perjudicis.<\/p>\n<p>Aix\u00ed, <strong>la sent\u00e8ncia refor\u00e7a el marc legal vigent i limita la judicialitzaci\u00f3 d&#8217;indemnitzacions complement\u00e0ries per acomiadament improcedent<\/strong>. No obstant aix\u00f2, els vots particulars i les recomanacions internacionals podrien obrir el debat sobre futures reformes legislatives.<\/p>\n<p>Atesa la complexitat jur\u00eddica i les possibles implicacions econ\u00f2miques que pot comportar un proc\u00e9s d&#8217;acomiadament, recomanem, com sempre, comptar amb assessorament legal especialitzat abans d&#8217;adoptar qualsevol decisi\u00f3 en aquesta mat\u00e8ria.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Jordi Altafaja \u00b7 <a href=\"mailto:jordi.altafaja@pich.bnfix.com\">jordi.altafaja@pich.bnfix.com<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\nSoci responsable de l&#8217;\u00c0rea Laboral BNFIX PICH TAX LEGAL<\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":29942,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[156,18],"tags":[1276,1416,158],"class_list":["post-29948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-circulares-ca","category-sense-categoria","tag-despido-improcedente-ca","tag-indemnizacion-ca","tag-laboral-ca"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29948","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29948"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29948\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29964,"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29948\/revisions\/29964"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29942"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29948"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29948"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pich.bnfix.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29948"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}